Soviet painting – the history of modern art
The culture of the Soviet and post-Soviet period is a bright large-scale coil of Russian heritage. The events of 1917 became the reporting point in the development of a new way of life, the formation of a new way of thinking. The mood of society k.XIX- n.XX centuries. resulted in the October Revolution, a turning point in the history of the country. Now she was waiting for a new future with its ideals and goals. Art, which in a sense is a mirror of the epoch, has also become a tool for the realization of the tenets of the new regime. Unlike other types of artistic creativity, painting, which forms and forms the thought of a person, penetrated the consciousness of people in the most accurate and direct way. On the other hand, pictorial art was least of all subordinated to the propaganda function and reflected the feelings of the people, their dreams and, above all, the spirit of the times.
Russian avant-garde
The new art did not avoid in the absolute measure the old traditions. Painting, in the first post-revolutionary years, absorbed the influence of futurists and the avant-garde as a whole. The avant-garde, with its contempt for the traditions of the past, which was so close to the destructive ideas of the revolution, found for itself adherents in the person of young artists. In parallel with these trends, realistic trends developed in the visual arts, the life of which was given by the critical realism of the 19th century. This bipolarity, which had matured at the time of the change of epochs, made the life of the artist of that time particularly tense. Two paths that emerged in post-revolutionary painting, although they were opposites, nevertheless, we can observe the influence of the avant-garde on the work of artists in a realistic direction. Realism itself in those years was diverse. The works of this style have a symbolic, agitational and even romantic appearance. Quite accurately conveys in a symbolic form a tremendous change in the life of the country the work of B.M. Kustodiev – “Bolshevik” and, filled with pathetic tragedy and uncontrollable jubilation “New Planet” by K.F. Yuona.
Painting PN Filonov with his special creative method – “analytical realism” – is a fusion of two contrasting artistic trends, which we can see in the example of the cycle with the agitational name and the meaning of “Entering into the World Blossom”.
Soviet painting painting P.N. Filonov Ships from the Entering Cycle cycle. 1919 GTG
Pn Filonov Ships from the cycle Enter into the world flourishing. 1919 GTG
The unquestioningness of universal human values, unshakable even in such troubled times, expresses the image of the beautiful “Petrograd Madonna” (official name “1918 in Petrograd”) K.S. Petrov-Vodkin.
Soviet painting painting 1918 in Petrograd (or the Petrograd Madonna). K.S. Petrov-Vodkin. 1920 THG
1918 in Petrograd (or the Petrograd Madonna). K.S. Petrov-Vodkin. 1920 THG
A positive attitude towards revolutionary events is infested by the landscape artist A.A.’s light and filled with a sunny, airy atmosphere. Rylova. The landscape “Sunset”, in which the artist expressed a premonition of the fire of the revolution, which flares up from the rising flame of the court fire over the past era, is one of the inspiring symbols of this time.
Together with the symbolic images that organize the rise of the national spirit and carry along, like obsession, there was also a trend in realistic painting, with a burden to a concrete transfer of reality.
To this day, the works of this period keep a spark of insurrection, which is able to declare itself within each of us. Many works, not endowed with such qualities or contradicting them, were destroyed or forgotten, and never presented to our eyes.
Avant-garde forever leaves its imprint in realistic painting, but there comes a period of intensive development of the direction of realism.
Time art associations
The 1920s – the time of the creation of a new world on the ruins, which left the Civil War. For art, it is a period inassociations have fully developed their activities. Their principles are partly shaped by early artistic groups. The Association of Artists of the Revolution (1922 – AHRR, 1928 –AHR), personally executed the orders of the state. Under the slogan of “heroic realism”, the artists who were part of it, documented in their works the life and life of a person – the offspring of the revolution, in various genres of painting. The main representatives of AHRR were I.I. Brodsky, who absorbed the realistic influences of I.E. Repin, who worked in the historical-revolutionary genre and created a series of works depicting VI. Lenin, E.M. Cheptsov – master of everyday genre, MB Grekov, who wrote the battle scenes in a rather impressionistic madder. All these masters were the founders of the genres in which they performed most of their works.
